EXW · Ex Works
The seller just gets the goods ready at its own door. The buyer does everything else, even loading and export clearance.
Interactive guide by USL
Incoterms® Explained, Visually
See exactly who pays, who carries the risk and where it changes hands, for every Incoterms 2020 and 2010 rule. Pick a rule, play the journey, or let us suggest the right one.
11rules7any mode4sea only
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Explore Every Rule
Choose a rule to see who pays at each step and where the risk moves to the buyer. Showing Incoterms 2020.
2
Which Incoterm Fits My Deal?
Answer 3 or 4 quick questions and we will suggest a rule.
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Compare All Rules
Who pays for each step under Incoterms 2020. Click a row to open it in the explorer.
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Incoterms 2010 vs 2020: What Changed
Contracts can still use Incoterms 2010 if they say so. Always write the version, for example "FCA Chicago Incoterms 2020".
Incoterms 201011 rules · DAT · CIP minimum insurance
Incoterms 202011 rules · DPU · CIP all-risks insurance
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DAT became DPU
Delivered at Terminal (DAT) was renamed Delivered at Place Unloaded (DPU). The place of delivery can now be anywhere, not just a terminal.
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Higher insurance under CIP
CIP now requires all-risks cover (Institute Cargo Clauses A). CIF still requires only minimum cover (ICC C).
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On-board bill of lading under FCA
Buyer and seller can agree that the buyer's carrier issues an on-board bill of lading to the seller, which helps with letters of credit.
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Own transport allowed
Under FCA, DAP, DPU and DDP, the buyer or seller can use its own vehicles instead of hiring a third-party carrier.
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Security costs made clear
Each rule now states who pays for transport-related security requirements, such as cargo screening.
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Clearer cost lists
Each rule now has one list of costs that each party pays, which makes pricing easier to compare.
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Test Your Incoterms Knowledge
Six quick questions. See how you score.
All Incoterms Rules At A Glance
FCA · Free Carrier
The seller clears the goods for export and hands them to the carrier the buyer chose, at an agreed place.
FAS · Free Alongside Ship
The seller brings the goods next to the ship at the loading port. The buyer pays to load them and everything after.
FOB · Free On Board
The seller delivers the goods on board the ship the buyer booked. From that moment, costs and risk belong to the buyer.
CFR · Cost and Freight
The seller pays ocean freight to the destination port, but the risk moves to the buyer as soon as goods are on board at origin.
CIF · Cost, Insurance and Freight
Like CFR, but the seller must also buy cargo insurance for the buyer's benefit up to the destination port.
CPT · Carriage Paid To
The seller pays transport to the named destination, but the risk passes early, when the first carrier takes the goods.
CIP · Carriage and Insurance Paid To
Like CPT, but the seller must also insure the goods up to the named destination.
DAT · Delivered at Terminal
The seller delivers and unloads the goods at a terminal in the destination country. The buyer clears import and collects them. (Incoterms 2010 only.)
DAP · Delivered at Place
The seller delivers to the buyer's named place, ready for unloading. The buyer handles import clearance, duties and unloading.
DPU · Delivered at Place Unloaded
The seller delivers and unloads the goods at the named place. It is the only rule where the seller must unload at destination. (New in Incoterms 2020.)
DDP · Delivered Duty Paid
The seller does everything: freight, import clearance, duties and taxes, up to the buyer's door. The buyer only unloads.
Incoterms® is a registered trademark of the International Chamber of Commerce. This guide is a simplified summary for education. Always check the official ICC rules and your contract.
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